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Prepared by: Research and Studies Department at Saif Bin Hilal Center

Abstract:
Niger is one of the poorest countries in the world, with minimal government services, and is ranked last in the world on the United Nations Development Programme’s Human Development Index. Its subsistence agricultural economy is often disrupted F to a large extent; Due to prolonged drought waves in the Sahel region of Africa. Despite this, the government of Niger continues its attempts to diversify the economy through increased oil production and mining projects. In addition, Niger is facing increasing security concerns on its borders due to various external threats, including… Continued security in Libya, continued conflict and terrorism in Mali, and violent extremism. In northeastern Nigeria.

“Niger” was given this name, which is pronounced in the indigenous language “Ni-Zuhair”, in reference to the 4,200 km long Niger River, which begins in Guinea, passes through Mali, southwest Niger and western Nigeria, ending in Benin. The name of the river is taken from the original term “Ni-Gir”, which means “Gir River”. The capital of the country is “Niamey”, and this name – according to tradition there – was originally the site of a fishing village named after a prominent local tree in which it is referred to In the name of "Nya Nyam" Niger is located in West Africa, south-east of Algeria, with a population of 25,396,840 people, and consists of 7 major administrative regions: “Agadez”, “Diffa”, “Dosso”, “Maradi”, and “Maradi”. Tahoua, Tillaberi and Zinder, in addition to Niamey, which is an autonomous administrative region located within the Tillaberi administrative region.

The present-day state of Niger arose from nomadic peoples in the north of the Sahara and farmers in the south. The Takeda Touareg kingdom was one of the largest kingdoms in the north, and played a prominent role in regional trade in the fourteenth century. The main ethnic groups were found: “Songai-Zarma” in the southwest, “Hausa” in the center, and “Kanuri” in the east. When European colonists arrived in the nineteenth century, the region was a collection of disparate local kingdoms, and in the late nineteenth century, the British and French agreed to divide the central regions of the Niger River, and France began They invaded what later became the colony of Niger.